153 - Digital Dental Desensitization Storyboard for Children with Autism: Multi-specialty Perspectives

Abstract: Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often experience dental anxiety due to sensory sensitivities and unpredictable clinical environments. Many children with ASD are visual and sequential learners, benefitting from structured and pictorial instruction. Despite this, few tools combine behavioral science with design to address diverse learning needs in dental settings. An interactive digital storyboard was developed using Applied Behavior Analysis principles, social story methodology, and universal design standards. Each scene depicts the sequence of a typical dental visit through interactive visuals and short instructional videos that walk through each step of the experience. The storyboard and accompanying videos are accessible through the clinic’s online platform to support preparation in both clinical and home settings. Accessibility features include high-contrast color palettes, dyslexia-friendly fonts, and compliance with Web Content Accessibility Guidelines.

For expert validation, a panel of pediatric dentists and allied professionals, including a developmental behavioral pediatrician, clinical psychologist, speech language pathologist and occupational therapist, reviewed the storyboard. Each section was rated on clarity, relevance, and accessibility using a 4-point Likert scale, and a Content Validity Index (CVI) was calculated for each domain. No patient or personal data were collected; thus, IRB approval was not required. Eight clinical experts completed the validation survey. All items achieved an item-level content validity index (I-CVI) of 1.00, with a scale-level content validity index (S-CVI/Ave) of 1.00, indicating excellent content validity. Experts universally agreed the storyboard was clinically relevant, developmentally appropriate, and innovative compared to existing preparatory tools. Qualitative feedback highlighted opportunities to enhance visual sequencing, cross-format consistency, sensory transparency, and accessibility, and revisions are being incorporated accordingly.

This project demonstrates the design and expert validation of an accessible, visually oriented digital storyboard that supports dental desensitization for children with ASD. Integrating perspectives from both dental and autism care professionals enhances its potential to reduce anxiety, improve comprehension, and promote inclusive pediatric dental care.

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