383 - Effectiveness of Desensitization in Pediatric Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Purpose: Primary objective was to evaluate the impact of a structured desensitization program on cooperation and tolerance in pediatric patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Secondary objectives were to assess changes in behavior using the Frankl behavior scale and determine whether desensitization reduces the need for advanced or pharmacological behavior management techniques.

Methods: This retrospective chart review included pediatric patients ages 0 to 17 years with ASD treated at Tufts University School of Dental Medicine between April 9, 2025, and March 1, 2026. A standardized desensitization template was used to document behavior and tolerance across visits. Patients with ≥2 visits were categorized as consistent or inconsistent based on follow-up adherence. Variables included age, sex, visit dates, Frankl scores, and tolerance to progressively invasive tasks. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a generalized linear mixed model (P <.05).

Results: Fifty-two patients were included with 81% (n = 42) male and 19% (n = 10) female. Overall, 33% (n = 17) had at least one additional medical condition, most commonly ADHD (15%, n = 8). Groups were evenly distributed (n = 26 each). Mean age was 9.12±3.39 years (consistent) and 10.50±3.68 years (inconsistent). Frankl scores and treatment tolerance improved over time in both groups, with no significant differences between groups (P>.05).

Conclusions: Desensitization was associated with improved behavior and tolerance over time. Visit consistency did not significantly affect outcomes, suggesting repeated exposure may play a key role.